1/2
A pragma Unchecked_Union specifies an interface correspondence between a given discriminated type and some C union. The pragma specifies that the associated type shall be given a representation that leaves no space for its discriminant(s).
2/2
The form of a pragma Unchecked_Union is as follows:
3/2
pragma Unchecked_Union (first_subtype_local_name);
4/2
Unchecked_Union is a representation pragma, specifying the unchecked union aspect of representation.
5/2
The first_subtype_local_name of a pragma Unchecked_Union shall denote an unconstrained discriminated record subtype having a variant_part.
6/2
A type to which a pragma Unchecked_Union applies is called an unchecked union type. A subtype of an unchecked union type is defined to be an unchecked union subtype. An object of an unchecked union type is defined to be an unchecked union object.
7/2
All component subtypes of an unchecked union type shall be C−compatible.
8/2
If a component subtype of an unchecked union type is subject to a per−object constraint, then the component subtype shall be an unchecked union subtype.
9/2
Any name that denotes a discriminant of an object of an unchecked union type shall occur within the declarative region of the type.
10/2
A component declared in a variant_part of an unchecked union type shall not have a controlled, protected, or task part.
11/2
The completion of an incomplete or private type declaration having a known_discriminant_part shall not be an unchecked union type.
12/2
An unchecked union subtype shall only be passed as a generic actual parameter if the corresponding formal type has no known discriminants or is an unchecked union type.
13/2
An unchecked union type is eligible for convention C.
14/2
All objects of an unchecked union type have the same size.
15/2
Discriminants of objects of an unchecked union type are of size zero.
16/2
Any check which would require reading a discriminant of an unchecked union object is suppressed (see 11.5). These checks include:
17/2
18/2
19/2
20/2
A view of an unchecked union object (including a type conversion or function call) has inferable discriminants if it has a constrained nominal subtype, unless the object is a component of an enclosing unchecked union object that is subject to a per−object constraint and the enclosing object lacks inferable discriminants.21/2
An expression of an unchecked union type has inferable discriminants if it is either a name of an object with inferable discriminants or a qualified expression whose subtype_mark denotes a constrained subtype.
22/2
Program_Error is raised in the following cases:23/2
24/2
25/2
26/2
27/2
28/2
29/2
An implementation may require that pragma Controlled be specified for the type of an access subcomponent of an unchecked union type.
NOTES
30/2
13 The use of an unchecked union to obtain the effect of an unchecked conversion results in erroneous execution (see 11.5). Execution of the following example is erroneous even if Float'Size = Integer'Size:
31/2
type T (Flag : Boolean := False) is record case Flag is when False => F1 : Float := 0.0; when True => F2 : Integer := 0; end case; end record; pragma Unchecked_Union (T);
32/2
X : T; Y : Integer := X.F2; −− erroneous